Exempel på proteinuria

• The evidence surrounding levels of proteinuria and clinical outcome is conflicting.

• This study suggests that it is the presence of proteinuria that confers an increase in perinatal risk on the pregnancy.

• Renal damage was confirmed by the presence of proteinuria in older mice.

• The controversy for proteinuria is how to detect it and at what level of proteinuria should action be taken.

• All had gestational hypertension with no evidence of multisystem disease apart from gestational proteinuria.

• All studies agree that as the degree of proteinuria increases there is a greater variation in the protein/creatinine ratio over time.

• Some studies suggest a proportional link between the level of proteinuria and adverse clinical outcome.

• It is possible that there is a microalbuminuric phase that precedes overt proteinuria in preeclampsia and that we might devise strategies to detect this.

• A hypothesis proposing increased blood viscosity as a cause of proteinuria and increased vascular permeability.

• Investigation revealed hypoproteinemia with depressed concentrations of albumin in the serum, normal kidney and liver function, and no proteinuria over a period of 24 hours.

• Thus, proteinuria may have been overlooked in many animals with compromised uteroplacental perfusion and increased arterial pressure.

• Crescentic glomerulonephritis should be considered in any elderly patient presenting with acute renal failure associated with haematuria, red cell casts and proteinuria.

• The presence of gestational proteinuria may no doubt contribute to false positive referrals to obstetric day units and potentially lead to iatrogenic intervention.

• It is quite possible that with prolongation of the uteroplacental ischaemia, proteinuria and renal pathological changes would develop (see below).

• From the studies reviewed above, it seems that proteinuria is not a consistent feature of ovine pregnancy toxaemia.