Exempel på pronation

• Each functional command specifies a grasping mode (including wrist pronation and supination) and a force level (or velocity level) associated to that grasping mode.

• Pronation occurs when the ankle bone moves downward and towards the middle to create a more stable point of contact with the ground.

• Hintermann states that the same person can have different amounts of pronation just by using different running shoes.

• The radius and ulna (forearm bones) locked together so that there was no possibility of pronation or supination (twisting) as in human forearms.

• It is also capable of both pronation and supination, depending on the position of the forearm.

• In pronation this is reversed, the superficial dorsal and the deep palmar ligaments are tighten.

• It permits movements in three planes - extension/flexion, ulnar deviation/radial deviation, and pronation/supination - and allows complex patterns of motion under significant strain.

• Shoes have been shown to significantly influence pronation.

• Flat feet generally do not cause problems but may sometimes cause the foot to rotate inwards (pronation).

• Along with the transverse tarsal joint (i.e. talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joint), the subtalar joint transforms tibial rotation into forefoot supination and pronation.

• This movement is known as a pronation/supination test of the upper extremity.

• Such ideas include excessive pronation of the foot, overuse injury, and inversion ankle sprains.

• However, it is not attached to the ulna medially, as the distance between these two bones varies with supination and pronation of the forearm.

• Pronation of the foot is a compound movement that combines abduction, eversion, and dorsiflexion.

• For the foot, pronation will cause the sole of the foot to face more laterally than when standing in the anatomical position.