Exempel på preload

• The lawyer preloads the tablet with all the documentation needed in court.

• The software comes preloaded onto the machine.

• The original Kodak had a preloaded roll of paper negatives.

• Pre-loading some components can help reduce loading time.

• He preloads with carbs before exercise.

• Central blood volume (preload) is maintained by the muscular venous pump.

• In these circumstances, both cardiac and pulmonary function may be improved by reducing pulmonary edema and the preload on the heart.

• This could be avoided by keeping a watchful eye on the size of the exposed heart and keeping the preload constant at all times.

• The ability to increase stroke volume with exercise was shown by multivariate analysis to be related to the preload of the right ventricle.

• Increased preload is known to augment fiber shortening and, therefore, fractional shortening.

• The stress-shortening relation has been used as an index of contractility by a number of authors66"68 without adjustment for preload effects.

• The approach which we have adopted is based on the assumption that percent fiber shortening is determined by afterload, preload, and contractility.

• Randomized controlled study of colloid preload before spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section.

• In the latter, useless right ventricular dilatation may result from a "retrograde" preload in response to pulmonary regurgitation.

• This is achieved by increase in cardiac rate and contractility, maintenance of preload, and reduction of afterload.

• Furthermore, because the total effect of preload on shortening is considered, both preload-induced alterations in contractility and direct mechanical effects are included in the analysis.

• Understandably, the reduction in preload may reduce stroke volume and cardiac output.

• This increase may be partially offset by a compensatory increase in mean atrial pressure (preload).

• The improvement in intervillous -ow observed following epidural analgesia with local anaesthetic during labour28 is not the result of a large intravenous preload.

• This is probably due to reduced ventricular preload.