0 used to refer to lines or distances east or west of an imaginary line between the North Pole and the South Pole -- 经线的
1 in the long direction of the body or of any body part -- （身体或身体部分）纵向的
a longitudinal rash 纵向皮疹
2 Longitudinal research is done on people or groups over a long period of time. -- 纵向研究，纵贯研究
Information of that type can best be obtained through continuing longitudinal study of highly stressed samples such as the present one.
There are few longitudinal studies of patients with medically unexplained symptoms.
The findings of the present 5-year longitudinal study are consistent with this theoretical claim.
Comparing personal trajectories and drawing causal inferences from longitudinal data.
This finding may have implications for the observed tendency of turbulent shear flows to develop a longitudinal streaky structure.
Longitudinal covariances help to establish that the reverse association is unlikely.
To make the analyses most comparable, we decided to include both longitudinal and vertical effectiveness measures.
Although large myelomeningoceles may be visualised on longitudinal scanning, smaller lesions are frequently only visible with meticulous transverse examinations of the entire vertebral column.
