These are word's examples related to leakage. Click on any word to go to its word's detail page. Or, 更多关于leakage的信息
Let us suppose that the proportion of any additional income absorbed as leakages is 0.6.
The more leakages dependent on of the income multiplier.
Leakages of saving, taxation, and imports will fall as income declines until once again total leakages equal total injections.
When leakages absorb 60 per cent of any additional income, therefore, the value of the multiplier is 1.67.
We also admit that the sum of all leakages as defined here over all the countries of the world need not be zero.
There is no evidence that the existing small leakages adversely affected the test results, but this aspect of the design should be improved in future work.
Since leakages are assumed to be related to income, and injections are assumed exogenous, then variations in income equate total income and expenditure flows in the circular flow model.
A similar effect takes place when the government changes the rate at which taxation is levied because such changes alter the proportion of additional income which is absorbed by leakages.
As regards the consumer subsidies on food crops and water and electricity, they were not confined to low-income groups, and there were considerable leakages to middle- and upper-income groups.
The management of the economy through fiscal policy is assisted by the multiplier which magnifies any injection of expenditures or leakages of income into or out of the circular flow.
The process will continue, and with each stage the amount of income passed on to others in the circular flow will be reduced by leakages of taxation, saving, and imports.
A more sealed lid should be considered for future developments, as small leakages could have adversely balanced many pressure gradients, and inhibited attachment of the fluid jet.
The major issue was not to win converts but to stem leakage.
The fear of high leakage in forest options, often neglected in energy options, is consistently put forward to block these opportunities.
While an effectively applied means-tested benefit could be regarded as more cost-efficient for poverty prevention, avoiding leakages to the ' non-poor', its comparative advantage for distributional purposes is less clear.
