0 used to indicate a person, thing etc spoken of before, not close to the speaker, already known to the speaker and listener etc -- ấy, đó, kia
1 used to indicate a thing etc, or (in plural or with the verb be) person or people, spoken of before, not close to the speaker, already known to the speaker and listener etc -- ấy, đó, kia
2 used to refer to a person, thing etc mentioned in a preceding clause in order to distinguish it from others -- người ấy, cái ấy, cái kia…
3 (often omitted) used to report what has been said etc or to introduce other clauses giving facts, reasons, results etc -- rằng, là, để mà
4 used to introduce expressions of sorrow, wishes etc -- ước, mong muốn
5 so; to such an extent -- đến mức mà