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ตัวอย่าง shredder

• Green leaves enhance the growth and development of a stream macroinvertebrate shredder when senescent leaves are available.

• Thus, different successional stages were more important than the identity of leaf species in determining the distribution of shredders among the leaves.

• Leaves associated with shredders were placed individually in labelled paper bags, while the remaining leaves in the sample were placed in a separate bag.

• The 12 discs were arranged randomly in each container and a single shredder was introduced.

• Therefore, specific leaves may not be the primary level of patch structure capable of being detected by shredders.

• On the contrary, shredders actually colonized a broad range of leaf species (38 species) from several different plant families, with no apparent underlying patterns.

• Treatments were replicated 4-5 times for each of the three shredder species.

• Containers with leaf discs but no shredders served as controls and provided estimates of weight loss resulting from leaching and microbial processing.