The three modes of death indicated above can be ranked in order of their increasing biotic involvement from uprooting through to snapping of stems to the standing mode of death.
The visitors now prevailed upon these women to take off their wraps, all the while snapping away at them.
Among 297 gap makers, snapping and uprooting were the most common modes of disturbance.
A prerequisite for a tree to die standing is that it does not die early from uprooting or snapping.
White-lipped peccaries, on the other hand, shatter the endocarps by snapping their jaws shut.
It appears that, in our case, small t rees were protected from both snapping and uprooting, while large trees were resistant to stem breakage.
Damage assessment was also conducted on plants that died or were lost through toppling and snapping without producing a bunch.
Uprooting and snapping of trees: structural and ecological consequences.
