0 a male parent of an animal, especially a horse --
1 used as a form of address to a king: --
I will serve you always, sire.
2 to become the male parent of an animal or the father of a child: --
3 the male parent of an animal with four feet --
4 used as a form of address to a king --
The distribution of progeny across the five herds was non-random for 5 sires and random for 15 sires.
56 were mated with 2 sires and 13 with 3 or more.
Structure 2, which has 10 sires, 200 dams and 200 progeny, can be applied to animals such as cattle or sheep.
In practice, one would start by genotyping recombinant sires for the additional, ordered markers.
The founder population consisted of 25 sires and 50 dams, and 15 discrete generations were considered (founder generation being generation 0).
The sire's two marker alleles are denoted by ml, 1 on his paternal chromosome and ml, 2 on his maternal chromosome for every marker position.
The simulated data were generated such that sires were heterozygous at all markers.
The estimated substitution effects were large and similar for the four sires.
