A scalp defect was noted in the midline at the crown and an encephalocele protruded to the right of the scalp defect.
A small part of the filler wire protruded from another device and was pushed back in the sac.
The spanwise (2) separation of the needles was about 2 mm, and they protruded about 1 mm into the boundary layer.
The force applied was increased slowly until the radicle protruded out of the endosperm at the same place as in normal germination.
The procedure itself was simple, but the aortic end of the device remained slightly protruded towards the descending aorta.
Seeds with a protruded radicle of length c. 3 mm were considered as germinated.
Protruded radicles exhibiting a length of 2.7 mm were excised from the germinated seed where they joined the hypocotyl.
Cells were closely connected by tight junctions and microvilli protruded into the perivitelline space.
