In a few cases the replacement did not take place: "pater familis".
A "pater familias" was the senior priest of his household.
A dowry of "dos adventicia" was given by the daughter herself, though it came from her "pater".
This was regulated by the law of pater est, quem nuptiae demonstrant (father is to whom marriage points).
As "pater familias," he condemned to death one of his sons for immorality or unchastity.
Pater makes use of martyr and related amphitheatre scenes to renegotiate the boundaries between moral purity and an aesthetic admiration of the flesh and material world more generally.
Pater reflects on the spectacle of martyrdom in an unusual authorial address that gives new meaning to the ethical implications of the art of bodily looking.
Pater was a significant force here, while the others represented elements of more conventional nineteenth-century values.
