0 used to refer to a financial plan or agreement for an employee that is completely paid for by the employer: --
1 used to describe a benefit (= something of value offered in addition to a salary) for an employee that is completely paid for by the company, not the employee: --
Most importantly, they included the first largescale non-contributory pension programmes.
Looking first at contributory versus non-contributory pension schemes, it is clear that the proportional increase in pension cost is greater for contributory schemes.
These include a need to up-grade the role of non-contributory social assistance programmes, whilst carefully integrating these with informal support mechanisms.
During the 1980s, a number of national agencies began to offer the elderly means-tested, non-contributory pensions and subsidies.
There is no evidence of projects providing non-contributory pensions or other measures of direct benefit to the elderly.
The difference between the contributory and non-contributory calculations is small, ranging from a 0.08 % to a 0.33 % difference.
Instead, the majority of older people (around 70 per cent) receive pensions from a non-contributory scheme.
Their relation to the welfare state is extremely tenuous, because of insufficient contributions and limited access to non-contributory benefits.
