0 any chemical element in the group of elements that have the atomic numbers 57 to 71 in the periodic table --
About 15000 ton/year of the lanthanides are consumed as catalysts and in the production of glasses.
Other carbon rich stoichiometries are known for some lanthanides.
In an aqueous solution, like compounds of other late lanthanides, soluble lutetium compounds form a complex with nine water molecules.
Neodymium is not found naturally in metallic form or unmixed with other lanthanides, and it is usually refined for general use.
Because of its closed-shell electron configuration, its density and melting and boiling points differ from those of the other lanthanides.
Monazite was the only significant source of commercial lanthanides until bastnsite began to be processed in about 1965.
The lanthanides elute in order of decreasing atomic number.
Phosphors with lanthanide dopants are also widely used in cathode ray tube technology such as television sets.
