Thapsigargin raises cytosolic (intracellular) calcium concentration by blocking the ability of the cell to pump calcium into the sarcoplasmic and endoplasmic reticula which causes these stores to become depleted.
Mutant cells suffer disruptions in their endoplasmic reticula, leading to disease.
Most morphological alterations were presented by the vacuolization of embryonic cells, disintegrated cytoplasm, swollen mitochondria and dilatation in rough endoplasmic reticula.
