0 a situation in which two countries trade goods and services for other goods and services, not for money: --
In 1972, it was estimated that countertrade was used by business and governments in 15 countries; in 1979, 27 countries; by the start of the 1990s, around 100 countries.
The volume of countertrade is growing.
Exchange-value does not need to be expressed in money-prices "necessarily" (for example, in countertrade where x amount of goods p are worth y amounts of goods q).
Countertrade may range from a simple barter between two countries to a complex web of exchanges that end up meeting the needs of all countries involved.
More than 80 countries nowadays regularly use or require countertrade exchanges.
A large part of countertrade has involved sales of military equipment (weaponry, vehicles and installations).
