0 past simple and past participle of refrain
Neither parasitoid refrained from oviposition in situations where its progeny were very unlikely to develop.
Nevertheless, in contrast to the 1920s, the employers refrained from direct attacks on the union, and the framework of collective bargaining was never repudiated.
For the sake of brevity, we have refrained from a detailed exposition.
In choosing an analysis method we wished to avoid a priori assumptions about the nurses' answers and so refrained from applying a predetermined coding framework.
But he refrained from including among these obstacles the caudillos, who were to strike the decisive final blow against these projects.
In some villages, one candidacy was so weak that its supporters refrained from provoking any fight.
Such women should have refrained from extra-pair mating, sacrificing some genetic benefits they might otherwise have obtained.
We have refrained from integrating (7) to keep the fixpoint operator comparable to its predecessors.
