0 the smallest number of people needed to be present at a meeting before it can officially begin and before official decisions can be taken
1 the number of members who must be present at a meeting in order for decisions to be officially made
2 the smallest number of people who must be at a meeting for official decisions to be made by voting:
One might, that is, adopt (1) a standard quorum minimum, (2) a supermajority multiplier, and (3) a standard present-and-voting multiplicand.
The issue here is whether a quorum should be present at the beginning of a session or during each vote at a sitting.
During the 1880s, the minority party frequently used the "disappearing quorum" to stifle the ability of the majority party to pursue its agenda.
This may have some relevance to a quorum-sensing mechanism.
Other studies have documented an overlap between nutrient limitation response and quorum-sensing-controlled gene expression.
Although quorum rules do partially promote the aim of majoritarian control, they do so only in a sharply limited fashion.
Suppose a hundred-member body, a standard simple-majority scheme, and a quorum of fifty-one attenders, all of whom vote.
Historically, majorities have benefited by the standard quorum rule, which counts all those physically present as contributing to the quorum.