The analysis for the upstream menisci is largely similar to that of the upstream.
The immiscibility textures include sharp boundaries with curved menisci between phases and budding between phases.
The pressure difference across the menisci is also important for displacement and has been computed analytically for vanishing capillary number and numerically for finite values.
With the menisci approximated as circular arcs to account for capillary pressure, the lubrication equations could be solved for the upstream 'film-merge' location.
Two-dimensional flow is considered in a fluid bead located in the gap between a pair of contra-rotating cylinders and bounded by two curved menisci.
Describing the flow in the bead when the menisci are close together is difficult both analytically and numerically.
The menisci are flattened at the center of the knee joint, fused with the synovial membrane laterally, and can move over the tibial surface.
There are two menisci in the knee, the medial (inner) and the lateral (outer).
