Portal hypertension may be present, resulting in other conditions including splenomegaly, hematemesis and melena.
Hematemesis, melena, hemoptysis, hematuria and epistaxis also occur and may lead to hypovolemic shock.
Blood may be observed in vomit (hematemesis) or in altered form in the stool (melena).
Gastrointestinal lymphoma causes vomiting, diarrhea, and melena (digested blood in the stool).
The symptoms can include hematemesis, or vomiting blood; melena, passing black, tarry stools; or passing maroon stools or frank blood in the stools.
Some individuals may have bleeding in the esophagus, manifesting as vomiting of blood or as melena stools.
Very often, however, aside from the melena itself, there are no other symptoms.
Melena is often a medical emergency as it arises from a significant amount of bleeding.
