The mandibular foramen opens as a small pit anterior to the notch between the angular process and the condyle.
It is positioned immediately adjacent to the mandibular symphysis.
The frontal and mandibular struts are fused, the outer margin of the combined strut being indistinct.
The mandibular strut has as a branch the maxillary strut.
The frames may derive from cycles of mandibular oscillation present in humans from babbling onset, which are responsible for the open-close alternation.
The maxillary processes develop as cephalic outgrowths from the mandibular process or first branchial arch.
We think that our tentative conclusions are justified, but agree that more research on the influence of environment on mandibular growth is needed.
In the third stage, the mandibular strut at its posterior end gives off a branch which moves towards the median line and anteriorly.
