intraoperative complications
Five of these patients had suffered intraoperative or postoperative problems or had a re-operation.
There were, at the time, three medically acceptable methods of performing the procedure, each with a different level of risk of intraoperative bleeding.
Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography at the time of pulmonary artery banding was performed in some patients and proved helpful in determining the tightness of the band.
Decisions about the use of laparoscopic repair depend on whether the benefits outweigh the extra costs and intraoperative risks.
When confirmed by intraoperative contrast echocardiography, significant right-to-left shunting may be eliminated or reduced at the time of surgery.
Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography showed no residual shunt and no gradient within the right ventricle.
Intraoperative data were available for 47 of 57 children.
Rare intraoperative events were mentioned in 31% of studies, and rare postoperative events in 6%.
