Exempel på weevil

• Unexpectedly, parasitized weevils had the lowest mortality rates (prior to larval parasitoid emergence).

• It was also susceptible to weevil attack and had small grains.

• These weevils were all individually labelled to ensure that only marked insects were taken into account.

• Reasons for legume seed loss included eating the seed, livestock or birds eating the crop, beetles, weevils or other pests destroying the seeds.

• However, larval mortality was very low, and teratocytes were present in almost all parasitized weevils.

• When weevils were dissected at the end of the bioassay, most were reproductively immature with relatively small developing eggs.

• Total weevil counts were highest in 'no exclusion' plots and lowest in 'total exclusion' and 'early + mid' plots.

• These pre-reproductive weevils feed for a period before hibernating in the ground.

• Only a single first instar larvae was found per weevil larva.

• Analyses of total weevil counts showed significant differences among treatments (see below).

• In contrast, in the outdoor treatments the weevils fed mainly (68-79%) on the exposed surfaces of the pine pieces.

• Corresponding numbers of weevils were removed from the control cages and the ryegrass replaced as necessary.

• The weevils were moved to new containers with fresh pine pieces every seventh day.

• Estimated mean values for weevils on logs, adjusted pro rata are shown for comparison but not included in the analysis.

• After 18-21 days, the weevils were extracted from the cages using an adapted vacuum-cleaner and counted.