Exempel på ossicle

• Cynodonts had a more mammal-like jaw musculature, but the ear ossicles were still attached to the lower jaw, as they are in reptiles.

• Dissection of the middle ear has revealed morphological defects of the ossicles which disrupt the ossicular chain resulting in a conductive hearing loss.

• Much scarcer are other types of bituminous skeletal limestones, which consist mostly of crinoid ossicles associated with rare brachiopod and trilobite remains.

• Mandible, maxilla and auditory ossicles (malleus, incus and stapes) are branchial arch derivatives.

• Belemnites, bivalves, crinoid ossicles and wood remains are scattered throughout.

• The ossicles function as an impedance transformer to provide sufficient force at the oval window to move the fluid which fills the cochlea in response to external acoustic vibrations.

• As well as the local fauna, the mudstone also contains smaller debris: five-sided star-shaped crinoid ossicles, a few small belemnites, a possible echinoid spine impression and probable fish scales.

• All of the ossicles move as a unit.

• They are supported by an internal skeleton of calcium carbonate plates referred to as vertebral ossicles.

• Vibrations of the drum are conveyed to the inner ear via a system of bones called ossicles.

• The auditory ossicles can also reduce sound pressure (the inner ear is very sensitive to overstimulation), by uncoupling each other through particular muscles.

• The mammalian middle ear contains three ossicles, which transfers the vibrations of the eardrum into waves in the fluid and membranes of the inner ear.

• The joint's function is to transfer vibrations between the ossicles in the middle ear, which is perceived as sound.

• Once the vibrations reach the cochlea, the stirrup (part of the ossicles) puts pressure on the oval window.

• There are a number of cirri or unbranched appendages on a low, cone-shaped dorsal ossicle, a bone-like structure in the centre of the disc.