Exempel på maternal

• 1999!, we examined maternal and paternal parenting separately and expected stronger relations for maternal socialization.

• However, it is important to remember that maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy has other consequences in addition to prenatal nicotine exposure.

• Most of the studies examining caregiving have focused on maternal caregiving and have used retrospective ratings.

• First, it was notable that we failed to find an association between maternal attachment status and infant attachment security.

• Two observers coded maternal and child behaviors on a variety of 7-point scales.

• Moreover, these deficits are operative irrespective of maternal depression.

• While the primary independent variable in this study was prenatal stress, all of the subjects were peer reared to avoid differential maternal treatment.

• Major depression was associated with not being breast fed and maternal emotional problems during the pregnancy.

• A total of 33 maternal and child behaviors were rated by independent observers on 5- and 9-point scales.

• Here, we examine the potential moderating effects of security of attachment and maternal depressive symptoms on child depression.

• Distributions for maternal and paternal anger had modal values of zero, with significant positive skewness and kurtosis for paternal anger.

• Separate direct discriminant function analyses were performed using maternal or paternal variables as predictors of membership in the two groups.

• In this study, we examined variations in security of attachment behavior, maternal depression symptoms, and economic resources.

• A multiple regression analysis revealed that security of attachment, maternal depressive symptomatology, and economic risk accounted for 47% of the variability in children's depression scores.

• Even today, maternal mortality ranges from 10-2 5 %12'33'34 with seventenths of deaths occurring between the first month of the puerperium.