Exempel på lumbar

• We developed a diagnostic decision rule for the indication of a lumbar puncture and empirical treatment for bacterial meningitis (9;10).

• There are compression fractures of the ninth thoracic through second lumbar vertebrae.

• In each of these hospitals, lumbar punctures are routinely performed on patients with suspected meningitis.

• Three of these cases presented as mummy torsos with signs of severe spondylitis of the lumbar vertebral bodies and evidence for chronic pleuritis.

• In the same images, the signal intensity of the skeletal muscle was also calculated using multiple measurements of the lumbar, dorsal and brachial muscles.

• Minimizing lumbar punctures and empirical treatments using a diagnostic decision rule, without missing a single case of meningitis, was a dominant strategy to actual practice.

• There were few significant differences at 6 weeks or 1 year between patients who were referred for lumbar spine x-ray and those who were not.

• External lumbar drainage for 72 hours may be the most accurate test to predict response to shunting, but requires hospitalization.

• Application of the rule would reduce lumbar punctures by 12% and hospitalizations for empirical treatment by 15% with the same diagnostic accuracy as current practice.

• Ruling out bacterial meningitis early in the diagnostic phase prevents unnecessary lumbar punctures and hospitalizations for empirical antibiotic treatment.

• Five of these children underwent a second lumbar puncture which was negative bacteriologically.

• Results of a lumbar puncture test were negative.

• If diagnostic uncertainty remains, may need to perform lumbar puncture (to help exclude encephalitis or meningitis).

• Individual differences in susceptibility to lumbar and cervical disc degeneration seem to be explained, primarily, by genetic factors.

• Increased glutathione levels in neurochemically identified fibre systems in the aged rat lumbar motor nuclei.