Exempel på jawed

• These elements are homologous to the bones and cartilage of the primary jaw joint in non-mammalian jawed vertebrates.

• More space and energy is, therefore, taken up by axons in cephalopods as compared to jawed vertebrates.

• Molecular synapomorphies resolve evolutionary relationships of extant jawed vertebrates.

• Is that the case with jawed traps that crush under water?

• Lampreys have seven gill pouches (whereas jawed fish have only five), no paired fins, and a rudimentary skeleton of cartilage.

• Placoderms were among the first jawed fish; their jaws likely evolved from the first of their gill arches.

• Placoderms are paraphyletic, and comprise several distinct outgroups or sister taxa to all living jawed vertebrates, which originated among their ranks.

• The diversity of jawed vertebrates may indicate the evolutionary advantage of a jawed mouth.

• Homologous trochlear nerves are found in all jawed vertebrates.

• Ampullary receptors are ancestral to jawed fish, for lampreys and agnathans were found to have ampullary receptors 400 million years earlier.

• In ancient seas jawless vertebrate fish led to jawed fish, and thence to all other vertebrates, including humans.

• Among vertebrates, jaw-less armored fish (ostracoderms) declined in diversity, while the jawed fish (gnathostomes) simultaneously increased in both the sea and fresh water.

• One such case is the radiation that gave rise to the tetrapods in the evolution of jawed vertebrates.

• Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that the family of opioid receptors was already present at the origin of jawed vertebrates over 450 million years ago.