Exempel på foramina

• The adductor fossa and the anterior and posterior meckelian foramina are also partially filled with matrix.

• The braincase is not preserved far enough rostrally to show the olfactory or optic foramina.

• A number of post-symphyseal foramina are present on the lingual side of the mandible close to the symphyseal region.

• The number of nutrient foramina on the upper side of the base is uncertain because of its rugose surface.

• It is also slightly dorsoventrally concave in medial view, with foramina for replacement teeth present just above the tooth row.

• This structure is associated with a ridge on the dentary and large nutritive foramina on the lateral surface of this element and the maxilla.

• Within the groove lie two subequally sized foramina.

• There are at least two shallow depressions, just ventral to the dental parapet, that may represent nutritive foramina, but these are indistinct and their identification cannot be confirmed.

• Medial to the anterior jugular foramen, the exoccipital is pierced by two foramina.

• The incisive foramina (openings in the front part of the palate) are short, not extending between the first molars.

• The incisive foramina, which perforate the front part of the palate, are very broad and extend between the first molars.

• The incisive foramina, which perforate the palate between the incisors and the molars, are long and narrow, extending between the first molars.

• Only (4%) of the mandibles show bilateral multiple mental foramina.

• The foramen ovale is one of two cranial foramina in the greater wing, the other being the foramen spinosum.

• As a landmark, the foramen spinosum reveals the positions of other cranial foramina, the mandibular nerve and trigeminal ganglion, foramen ovale, and foramen rotundum.