Exempel på ferromagnetism

• In these models, ferromagnetism is described as a cooperative phenomenon based on the interaction between the magnetic moments.

• Most of his research, however, was on magnetism, where, starting in 1938, he developed the collective electron theory of ferromagnetism.

• Without quantum mechanics, there would be no diamagnetism, paramagnetism or ferromagnetism.

• He carried out research in the areas of kinetic theory of gases, electrical conductivity, gas discharges, heat radiation, ferromagnetism and photochemistry.

• Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon.

• The strongest effect is on permanent magnets, which have persistent magnetic moments caused by ferromagnetism.

• Early investigations studied the coexistence of conventional "s" -wave superconductivity with itinerant ferromagnetism.

• Other low-temperature ground states that occur in such materials are superconductivity, ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism.

• They give rise to ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism or ferrimagnetism, depending on the nature and relative orientations of the individual spins.

• An everyday example of ferromagnetism is a refrigerator magnet used to hold notes on a refrigerator door.

• In ferroics, ferroelasticity is the mechanical equivalent of ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism.

• An extension of this method that allows for internal magnetic charges is used in theories of ferromagnetism.

• For materials that show some other form of magnetism (such as ferromagnetism or paramagnetism), the diamagnetic contribution becomes negligible.

• In order to have ferromagnetism, the atoms must have permanent magnetic moments which are not due to the motion of classical charges.

• It is closely related to ferroelectricity; the relation between antiferroelectricity and ferroelectricity is analogous to the relation between antiferromagnetism and ferromagnetism.