Exempel på arytenoid

• The vocal folds are first brought together by adducting the arytenoid cartilages.

• The vocal processes of the arytenoid cartilages showed changes ranging from mucosal erythema to erosion, involving an area of3-5 mm in diameter.

• Moreover, the aryepiglottic folds are stretched between the lowered arytenoids and the epiglottis, as a result of tongue advancement.

• Moreover, these more complex valves are not organised as a continuum along a single anatomical structural parameter (such as the opening and closing of the arytenoids).

• Posteriorly, this vibratory portion is connected to the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage by the posterior macula flava.

• Specifically, the muscle that causes abduction of the arytenoid cartilage, the cricoarytenoideus dorsalis muscle, ceases to function.

• The vocal folds are brought together primarily by the action of the interarytenoid muscles, which pull the arytenoid cartilages together.

• It is closed by the lateral cricoarytenoid and arytenoid muscles.

• The epiglottis and arytenoids are cherry-red and swollen.

• The vestibular fold is formed by the vestibular ligament extending from lateral walls of epiglottis to arytenoid cartilage covered with mucous membrane.

• The membrane runs between the lateral aspects of the epiglottis and arytenoid cartilages on each side.

• There are gradual changes in stiffness between the pliable vocal fold and hard, hyaline cartilage of the arytenoid.

• By rotating the arytenoid cartilages laterally, these muscles abduct the vocal cords and thereby open the rima glottidis.

• The arytenoids are paired cartilages with a medial and a lateral process each.

• The muscles attached to the arytenoid cartilages control the degree of opening.