Duration of protective efficacy of equine influenza immunostimulating complex\tetanus vaccines.
The fact that equine serum was detrimental to parasite growth supports this hypothesis.
The sharply delineated but superficial attachment to the equine caecum by the mouth leaves behind an oval area devoid of epithelial cells.
Attachment does not extend deeply enough to reach the muscularis mucosa layer of the equine intestine.
Both sub-types of virus are thought to be able to persist in equine populations, and do not require wildlife or other reservoirs.
One important difference between canine and equine athletes is that horses are obligate nasal breathers during exercise.
The pathway was then roofed over with an equine pericardial patch.
The pathway was then completed using an equine pericardial patch incorporating a monocusp.
