Beginning students progress through kyu grades towards dan grades.
Those who hold "dan" grades are collectively termed (literally person who has dan) and those with "ky" grades are, literally person without dan.
Martial plays predominantly feature young sheng, jing, and chou, while civil plays have a greater need for older roles and dan.
The highest dan ranks are sometimes reserved for the founder or leaders of a style and only high-ranking students can be promoted to them.
Until 4th dan the student is expected to focus on developing strong foundations and to perfect their form.
He has an extremely sensitive dan tien, or chi center.
The higher dan grades usually require years of experience and contribution to the relevant modern martial art.
She also holds second dan in taekwondo and teaches martial arts.