adrenal medulla betydelse and definition

Exempel på adrenal medulla

• The adrenal medulla produces neurotransmitters, namely, the catecholamines, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.

• These biological responses are mediated both by direct autonomic innervation of target organs by postganglionic neurons and by secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine by the adrenal medulla.

• Release of the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla of the adrenal glands is part of the fight-or-flight response.

• Nicotinic receptors cause the release of catecholamine from the adrenal medulla, and also site specific excitation or inhibition in brain.

• The two exceptions mentioned above are postganglionic neurons of sweat glands and chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla.

• Using immunohistochemistry, synaptophysin can be demonstrated in a range of neural and neuroendocrine tissues, including cells of the adrenal medulla and pancreatic islets.

• Because it is innervated by preganglionic nerve fibers, the adrenal medulla can be considered as a specialized sympathetic ganglion.

• These substances are released in the adrenal medulla, which is richly vascular.