0 the political, social, and economic changes that happened in the Soviet Union during the late 1980s
1 economic and government reforms (= changes to make things better) established in the Soviet Union in the 1980s
Besides, it must also be taken into account that they hoped perestroika would be successful.
Even before perestroika, the similarities were noticed by those capable of distancing themselves from the over-familiar.
And it looks like perestroika is the price to be paid for glasnost, or jazznost as it has been called in this context.
Evidently, perestroika, contrary to the expectations of its architects, triggered nationalistic forces.
Probably the general antagonism towards perestroika distracted respondents from discussing their economic concerns.
Some, at least, of those whose career data are defective were probably also politically active by the late perestroika years.
The development of environmental policies and institutions since perestroika is useful background to know.
What was especially needed in order for glasnost and perestroika to work was patience and an acceptance of disorder.
中文繁体
(20世紀80年代末蘇聯在政治、社會和經濟方面所作的)改革,重建…
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(20世纪80年代末苏联在政治、社会和经济方面所作的)改革,重建…
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pieriestrojka…
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