He was not closely aligned with either the labor movement or with professional social reform associations.
During that time the labor movement also made important legislative gains which enhanced the ability of workers to organize unions and stage successful strikes.
Unions failed to offer new services to their members and no attempt was made to unite the labor movement.
Help came from the labor movement, an unexpected source, with its own, distinct motives.
He viewed the boycott as a destructive tactic that highlighted the irresponsibility of an over-powerful labor movement.
The trials of the janitors were part of the same misuse of public authority to intimidate the labor movement.
A growing literature on social movements provides a useful starting point for thinking about the effects of repression on the labor movement.
In 1929, the labor movement possessed fewer than 4 million members.
