Príklady shigella

• The intra-familial shigella transmission rate was 8 % (17/227).

• A total of 161 shigella strains were isolated from humans during the year of study.

• Shigella was isolated starting at 6 months of age and 19 % of diarrhoeal episodes in children were associated with shigella infections.

• Finally, 227 (58 %) patients with culture-proven shigella infections were retained as index cases of whom 133 (59 %) were males.

• The attributable risk for shigella-associated diarrhoea due to intra-familial transmission was 50%.

• Shigella species are important pathogens responsible for diarrhoeal diseases and dysentery occurring all over the world.

• All the stool specimens were negative for salmonella, shigella, campylobacter and other common enteric pathogens.

• The definition of asymptomatic carriage of shigella was based on only one stool specimen, rather than specimens of 10 consecutive days.

• Patients whose stool culture yielded a shigella isolate were then enrolled as an index case.

• With two shigella isolates from a household, one intrafamily comparison per pair (icp) was obtained.

• Several methods have been used to study the epidemiology of shigella infections.

• In a household with three shigella isolates, three combinations per pair were obtained (3 icp).

• One of 37 family studies showed the highest variation with 7 isolates of 6 different serotypes of shigella that were isolated.

• In 1998-2000 shigella strains also developed resistance to amikacin, to which they were susceptible earlier.

• Results of this study demonstrated that intra-familial transmission of shigella carries a higher risk for diarrhoea.