0 a watery fluid which is given as an injection to fight, or give immunity from, a disease -- serum
Diphtheria vaccine is a serum.
A bacterially expressed recombinant protein was highly reactive to the sera of patients with clonorchiasis.
Again, pre-immune sera as a negative control did not show any reaction (data not shown).
No correlation was found, however, between endemicity and specific antibody levels in positive sera.
The search for gastrointestinal nematode vaccine candidates has so far been based largely on immunoscreening with sera from infected animals.
In total, 4943 (48n9 %) sera were from males and 5175 (51n1 %) from females.
As for the older individuals, sample no. 32 lost binding activity towards chimeric protein no. 9, but most sera did not.
They reported negative results when the patients' own sera or other patients' sera were used.
To assess potential cross-reactivity, sera from individuals (n 1⁄4 40) with parasitic diseases (leprosy, malaria, ascariasis) other than filariasis were used.
