Eksempler på serum

• All 31 cases provided acute sera, 19 provided convalescent sera and 14 had viral throat/nose swabs taken.

• Two sera gave non-specific fluorescence that could not be interpreted.

• A week after the last dose of antigen, jirds were bled from the retro-orbital plexus and immune sera were isolated.

• The rabbits were bled before the immunizations, and the sera obtained were used for control studies.

• Statistical analysis of results from all sera has previously demonstrated that this seven-band pattern was significantly correlated with a toxocaral infection.

• The wells were incubated for 2 h at room temperature with diluted human sera.

• None of the other sera with toxocariasis, paragonimiasis, filariasis and malaria, and the ten control sera from normal parasite-free individuals produced a positive blue dot.

• To assess potential cross-reactivity, sera from individuals (n 1⁄4 40) with parasitic diseases (leprosy, malaria, ascariasis) other than filariasis were used.

• They reported negative results when the patients' own sera or other patients' sera were used.

• As for the older individuals, sample no. 32 lost binding activity towards chimeric protein no. 9, but most sera did not.

• In total, 4943 (48n9 %) sera were from males and 5175 (51n1 %) from females.

• The search for gastrointestinal nematode vaccine candidates has so far been based largely on immunoscreening with sera from infected animals.

• No correlation was found, however, between endemicity and specific antibody levels in positive sera.

• Again, pre-immune sera as a negative control did not show any reaction (data not shown).

• A bacterially expressed recombinant protein was highly reactive to the sera of patients with clonorchiasis.