Both periods were traumatic in their different ways, but in terms of modernizing impact the first was more significant.
The cost of modernizing the environmental infrastructure is daunting for these countries, many of which are still struggling through the transition to market economies.
The wind pressure had been a problem too so the apparatus needed modernizing.
In each of those cases, the modernizing projects depended on strong internal control and close collaboration with foreign capital.
His discussion of different developmental periods is divided between traditional and modernizing, essentially urban patterns, the latter in tension with the former.
The explanation is not completely clear, but probably relates to economics, education and a generally modernizing outlook.
By focusing attention on government and parliament, it highlighted the bankruptcy of the regime and demonstrated their own modernizing objectives.
This problem notwithstanding, the book is rich in perspectives and gives insightful overviews of the typical tensions characteristic of modernizing societies.
