There are up to six pits per cross-field; these show an inclined oval aperture.
In order to come close to these requirements, impurity injection into the edge plasma in the cross-field direction can be used.
Accordingly, a further theoretical investigation of relativistic cross-field particle acceleration due to electromagnetic waves should be performed.
A first-order quasiparticle invariant has been presented, and the adiabatic invariance of the kinetic energy of cross-field particle motion has been explained.
This infinitesimal crossfield particle drift generates simultaneously an infinitesimal cross-field electric field given by (7) via its dynamo effect.
The process of resonant absorption, and the related phenomenon of phase mixing, may occur in magnetofluids when there is a cross-field inhomogeneity.
Despite these difficulties, some discussion is included below of how the conclusions of the present study compare to those of the cross-field comparison.
In these codes, anomalous cross-field plasma transport is usually described by adding diffusive terms into the particle and energy balance equations.
