There were several results about amplitude of ultrasonic signal in air.
Ten to twenty grains were selected from each sample, washed with methanol in an ultrasonic bath and rinsed with distilled water.
This ultrasonic treatment is an invasive technique because surface samples have to be cut out from the plant and studied in bath sonicators.
Ultrasonic inspecting subsystem: it is carried by the robot to detect the flaws and to measure the thickness of the tank surface.
To apply this technique, a short burst of ultrasonic energy is generated, amplified and transmitted by a transducer.
The reason for this control simplicity is the additional information about working areas provided by the ultrasonic system in addition to numerical ranges.
Among these techniques, ultrasonic systems have attracted much interest because of their low cost and potentially good accuracy for distance measurement.
Despite their simple and accurate range measurement, use of ultrasonic transducers in map building is plagued by a few shortcomings.
