The morphology of the capitula suggests they are not well adapted for pollination by other nocturnal vectors such as bats or moths.
One often finds the hymn carefully rubricated, and intended to record the traditional local liturgies, appearing before rather than after the capitulum.
On the male trees inflorescences are often in fascicles, and with each inflorescence a whorl of bracts surrounds a capitulum of apetalous male flowers.
The capitula were harvested at weekly intervals during the seed formation stage.
The bees were in constant motion while on the capitula and did not stop to probe the flowers.
They typically visited a capitulum for about 4 to 5 s (range 2 to 16 s).
Shortly after the secretion was noticed the skin began to turn white near the capitulum.
In the chiropterophilous species the capitula are much larger and typically borne on long, pendent peduncles arranged in little-branched inflorescences.
