0 hot liquid rock found just below the surface of the earth
1 melted rock under the surface of the earth
Sometimes, the magma below a volcano becomes even hotter and moves towards the top.
Suddenly, the top of the volcano breaks open, and thousands of kilograms of boiling magma and ash fly up into the air.
This is so hot that the rock is not hard, it is a boiling liquid called magma.
Volcanoes are mountains that have a lot of magma below them.
This characteristic also inhibits development of pronounced vertical zonation of the magma body.
Crustally-contaminated andesites could be produced by combined assimilation and fractional crystallization of basaltic magmas.
Second, differentiation, mixing, assimilation of magmas and alteration can produce compositional trends that can cross field boundaries within discrimination diagrams.
These constituents are formed rapidly from cooled droplets of magma that take on dynamic shape during transport.
