0 all of the water, ice, and water vapor at or near the surface of the earth, such as the seas, clouds, and the water in and under the ground
1 all of the water on the earth's surface, such as the seas, lakes, and ice, and sometimes also including water above the earth's surface, such as clouds
Finally, the fifth example of 'cosmic convergence ' is provided by the convergent origin of hydrospheres and atmospheres.
As such, it provides a strong conceptual basis for illustrating the linkages between atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere.
It is at the interface between the hydrosphere and the reduced magmatic rocks that hydrogen forms.
Reservoirs of nitrogen include the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere.
However, local thermodynamic equilibrium prevails throughout the terrestrial planets except for thin interfaces between the core and the mantle, and the crust and the hydrosphere/atmosphere.
The salinity history of hydrospheres on other worlds is a crucial issue if optimal salinities are required for the origin and the early evolution of life.
Due to the numerous interactions between the biosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere that are hosted within the pedosphere, more integrated, less soil-centric concepts are also valuable.
The pedosphere lies below the vegetative cover of the biosphere and above the hydrosphere and lithosphere.
