0 the area of physics connected with the action of heat and other types of energy, and the relationship between them -- 热力学
As mentioned above, the next step is to consider a more realistic model of the chemistry and the thermodynamics.
Statistical mechanics is the successor theory to thermodynamics, the science of work and heat.
We have already seen that statistical mechanics needs hypothetical constructs both to "get started" and to bridge up to the level of thermodynamics.
Therefore, the experimental conditions determine whether the observed exchange rate reports on the kinetics or on the thermodynamics of the opening reaction.
This research coincided with the extension of thermodynamics to open and farfrom-equilibrium conditions, which yielded the basis of macroscopic mechanisms of self-organisation.
While the second law of thermodynamics is possibly the most robust and succinct result in physics, it says nothing about how rapidly entropy is generated.
Thermodynamics and kinetics of downhill protein folding investigated with a simple statistical mechanical model.
Direct measurement of the effect of meniscus forces on adhesion-study of the applicability of macroscopic thermodynamics to microscopic liquid interfaces.
