The heaviest usage was in the northern and western regions of the subcontinent with much lower levels in the extreme south.
Perceived as a corollary to the subcontinent's weak modern banking infrastructure, hundi/hawala is defined as an alternative remittance system.
But this fiscal modernism was not divorced from the cultural world of the subcontinent.
Scattered throughout the subcontinent, yet concentrated in the north, these people formed an unmistakable underworld of local rural society.
It must be acknowledged, however, that the issue of transfer occurred in the context of capitalist development on the subcontinent.
To sum up, the author argues that both tattoos and dress were studied and classified to make sense of the subcontinent's social spaces.
Opium use for both medicinal and mood-altering purposes was an accepted cultural practice throughout the subcontinent with little or no disapproval attached to it.
The system that emerged in each major region of the subcontinent was sensitive to varying local conditions, cultural preferences and economic circumstances.
