0 to confuse and very much surprise someone, so that they are unable to explain or deal with a situation -- 使惊疑，使困惑
An elderly man from Hull has confounded doctors by recovering after he was officially declared dead. 赫尔市的一位老人在被正式宣布死亡后居然活了过来，令医生们大惑不解。
The singer confounded her critics with a remarkable follow-up album. 这位歌手随后又推出了一张不同凡响的专辑，令评论家们大感意外。
However, these studies have not been of sufficient size to account adequately for the role of confounding factors.
These controls address the potential confound of verbal intelligence, which is plausibly related to measures of linguistic awareness and to reading.
So again the issue of perception is confounded with the issue of recognition response.
Post-operatively, one has to deal with differing anaesthetic, surgical and analgesic techniques and post-operative courses, all of which would confound the data.
Moreover, collection of soil samples during a time when seeds are dormant eliminates confounding effects of germination flushes following collection and exposure of soil.
However, it is unlikely that these differences confounded our results since they were adjusted for throughout in the analyses.
Failure to consider confounding variables such as age.
Samples from animals 5 months old were not used, to avoid confounding with maternal antibodies.
