This approach reduces the present value of protection costs considerably and protects a valuable resource from inundation.
In the present study, the observed spatial heterogeneity in forest palm density probably predated the inundation events that created forest islands.
Successional processes in mangrove forests were thought to be driven primarily by physical factors associated with tidal inundation.
However, in other islands or coastal regions, sea level rise might threaten a substantial fraction of the developable land of a country to inundation.
The depreciation would reduce the economic losses to the structure caused by inundation.
Using the best available contour maps, we measure the amount of land at risk of inundation in each site in each decade.
Other countries, with lower land values, may well come to a different conclusion, that allows for a mixture of inundation and protection over time.
The country consequently does not lose beachfront property through inundation but rather interior land.
