0 the form of the verb that in English ends in ‘-ing’ and can be used with the verb ‘to be’ to form continuous tenses as in ‘She is singing’ or sometimes as an adjective as in ‘the barking dog’. -- hiện tại tiếp diễn
This seems entirely reasonable for nominal gerunds (cases where a verb, usually a present participle, takes on the role of a simple noun).
It is unlikely that a present participle could be agentive by itself without reference to a participant playing a role in some event.
The only form of be that was excluded was the present participle being.
On these accounts, there is no neutralization of gerund and present participle : they are simply independent entries.
If following is a preposition, then the sequence it introduces is a prepositional phrase, but if following is a present participle then that sequence is a nonfinite clause.
For example, we can call a present participle when used as a noun 'a present participle used as a noun' or we can call it a gerund.
It strikes me as unusual that the present participle—"choosing"—is used.
The three non-finite moods are the infinitive, past participle, and present participle.
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