ostracism nghĩa là gì

Ví dụ về ostracism

• Just as ostracism can slow economic growth, demands for methodological "correctness" can slow scientific progress.

• Although leaving the community brought no formal sanctions against the individual, informal social sanctions like ostracism or refused re-admittance were possibilities.

• Thus, a trade union might offer discounts on holidays to its members, and threaten non-members with ostracism.

• The interviewees did not identify these incidents as outright or blatant rudeness, ostracism or deliberate mistreatment.

• Faced with ostracism in the workplace, restaurants and public buildings, smokers might decide to abandon cigarettes.

• Apart from guild-related religious exclusions, illegitimates suffered from individual religious ostracism.

• Furthermore, 'a few clients suffered severe ostracism by their families when they found out'.

• Fans undergo a high degree of social ostracism from those who do not support their interest.