Ví dụ về refraction

• Furthermore, in the shallow water, refraction implies that loci of constant phase are usually nearly parallel to the local coast line.

• The propagation characteristics and wave damping can be examined from the real and imaginary components of the index of refraction.

• Depth measurements were made by reading from the calibrated scale on the fine focusing adjustment without correction for refraction.

• A further innovation can be found in the detailing of surface textures, especially reflections and refractions.

• Tilting and refractions contain symbolful suggested figures, patterns, faces.

• In this limit, the imaginary part of the collision frequency can be ignored and the index of refraction is unity.

• About 30% of laser energy was lost in the results of reflection and refraction effects.

• When the ratio is larger than one, the free and bound electrons are contributing with the same sign to the index of refraction.

• A well-known example is in the refraction of a shock at the edge of a free jet which is diffusing into an initially still atmosphere.

• The objective of the present paper is to formulate the appropriate definition of shock impedance when refraction takes place at an arbitrary angle of incidence.

• The so-calledphenomenon of sonic cut-off is an example of precursors forming by refraction in gases.

• At that stage many can be discharged to an optometrist for final refraction.

• The waves are refracted according to the ordinary refraction law deduced for non-moving magnetoactive plasma.

• The results reaffirm that bound electrons can strongly influence the index of refraction of numerous plasmas over a broad range of soft x-ray wavelengths.

• Also, for two-point ray tracing the index of refraction must be interpolated.